From: Gender-specific risk factors for gout: a systematic review of cohort studies
| Non-modifiable | Diet and Lifestyle | Comorbidities | Medications |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | Meat | Metabolic syndrome | Diuretics* |
| Ethnicity | Seafood | Obesity/BMI* | Anti-diabetic |
| Purine-rich vegetables | Weight change | ||
| Low-fat dairy products | Hypertension* | ||
| Coffee | Diabetes mellitus | ||
| Fructose | Hyperlipidaemia | ||
| Vitamin C | Renal disease | ||
| Alcohol | Psoriasis & Psoriatic arthritis | ||
| DASH diet |